Twig \ Error \ RuntimeError
An exception has been thrown during the rendering of a template ("Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined.").
Previous exceptions
  • Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined. (404)
  • Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined. (0)
Twig\Error\RuntimeError thrown with message "An exception has been thrown during the rendering of a template ("Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined.")." Stacktrace: #82 Twig\Error\RuntimeError in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/user/themes/minimaxing/templates/partials/sections/bios.html.twig:6 #81 RuntimeException in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Twig/Twig.php:292 #80 Twig\Error\LoaderError in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Loader/ChainLoader.php:142 #79 Twig\Loader\ChainLoader:getCacheKey in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php:351 #78 Twig\Environment:getTemplateClass in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php:445 #77 Twig\Environment:loadTemplate in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php:423 #76 Twig\Environment:load in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php:384 #75 Twig\Environment:render in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Twig/Twig.php:281 #74 Grav\Common\Twig\Twig:processPage in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Page/Page.php:859 #73 Grav\Common\Page\Page:processTwig in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Page/Page.php:732 #72 Grav\Common\Page\Page:content in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:690 #71 Twig\Template:getAttribute in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/cache/twig/a6/a6e71229c07c4ac03d31c4ed1a3b887e66b4114333548c3d78e7922329d932c3.php:46 #70 __TwigTemplate_19ae740d6c6dfa56d6a338bbb51557a8029350bcb3024b07d3cca702e4a69634:doDisplay in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:443 #69 Twig\Template:displayWithErrorHandling in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:414 #68 Twig\Template:display in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/cache/twig/6c/6c1d65ea28cc330dbce01f6ef934f905e3f32b4a038c5fa70ecf5b43ea230884.php:30 #67 __TwigTemplate_a78487088a0ec74ac1aef8f1f93868851d1727715fab3c67f9d695c8bcc1596c:doDisplay in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:443 #66 Twig\Template:displayWithErrorHandling in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:414 #65 Twig\Template:display in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/cache/twig/f4/f448589b8fa5e8e96d271b869702bdf2c5f6c03d9e1ebdec2a1766abd9e01266.php:84 #64 __TwigTemplate_1fd2da7f05a02335033099a06781b7d00f84f79ced9a93dc72d9cf5790c09ebd:block_content in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:216 #63 Twig\Template:displayBlock in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/cache/twig/05/05d859bec41ac5da994bb517e48f7a9558c5995f959256a93748d96374b382ab.php:306 #62 __TwigTemplate_aed3f39d8681d6e3378d0353681a4dc14e38b6e07894141497597544251eadee:block_body in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:216 #61 Twig\Template:displayBlock in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/cache/twig/05/05d859bec41ac5da994bb517e48f7a9558c5995f959256a93748d96374b382ab.php:90 #60 __TwigTemplate_aed3f39d8681d6e3378d0353681a4dc14e38b6e07894141497597544251eadee:doDisplay in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:443 #59 Twig\Template:displayWithErrorHandling in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:414 #58 Twig\Template:display in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/cache/twig/f4/f448589b8fa5e8e96d271b869702bdf2c5f6c03d9e1ebdec2a1766abd9e01266.php:35 #57 __TwigTemplate_1fd2da7f05a02335033099a06781b7d00f84f79ced9a93dc72d9cf5790c09ebd:doDisplay in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:443 #56 Twig\Template:displayWithErrorHandling in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:414 #55 Twig\Template:display in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Template.php:422 #54 Twig\Template:render in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/TemplateWrapper.php:47 #53 Twig\TemplateWrapper:render in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/twig/twig/src/Environment.php:384 #52 Twig\Environment:render in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Twig/Twig.php:395 #51 Grav\Common\Twig\Twig:processSite in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Service/OutputServiceProvider.php:28 #50 Grav\Common\Service\OutputServiceProvider:Grav\Common\Service\{closure} in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/vendor/pimple/pimple/src/Pimple/Container.php:118 #49 Pimple\Container:offsetGet in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/RenderProcessor.php:28 #48 Grav\Common\Processors\RenderProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #47 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #46 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/DebuggerAssetsProcessor.php:28 #45 Grav\Common\Processors\DebuggerAssetsProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #44 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #43 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/PagesProcessor.php:69 #42 Grav\Common\Processors\PagesProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #41 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #40 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/TwigProcessor.php:27 #39 Grav\Common\Processors\TwigProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #38 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #37 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/AssetsProcessor.php:28 #36 Grav\Common\Processors\AssetsProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #35 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #34 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/SchedulerProcessor.php:29 #33 Grav\Common\Processors\SchedulerProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #32 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #31 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/BackupsProcessor.php:28 #30 Grav\Common\Processors\BackupsProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #29 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #28 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/TasksProcessor.php:59 #27 Grav\Common\Processors\TasksProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #26 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #25 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/RequestProcessor.php:52 #24 Grav\Common\Processors\RequestProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #23 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #22 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/ThemesProcessor.php:27 #21 Grav\Common\Processors\ThemesProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #20 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #19 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/PluginsProcessor.php:30 #18 Grav\Common\Processors\PluginsProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #17 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #16 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/InitializeProcessor.php:78 #15 Grav\Common\Processors\InitializeProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #14 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #13 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/DebuggerProcessor.php:27 #12 Grav\Common\Processors\DebuggerProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #11 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #10 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/ErrorsProcessor.php:27 #9 Grav\Common\Processors\ErrorsProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #8 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #7 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/LoggerProcessor.php:48 #6 Grav\Common\Processors\LoggerProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #5 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #4 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Processors/ConfigurationProcessor.php:28 #3 Grav\Common\Processors\ConfigurationProcessor:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:45 #2 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Framework/RequestHandler/Traits/RequestHandlerTrait.php:57 #1 Grav\Framework\RequestHandler\RequestHandler:handle in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/system/src/Grav/Common/Grav.php:249 #0 Grav\Common\Grav:process in /home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/index.php:53
Stack frames (83)
82
Twig
\
Error
\
RuntimeError
/
user
/
themes
/
minimaxing
/
templates
/
partials
/
sections
/
bios.html.twig
6
81
RuntimeException
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Twig
/
Twig.php
292
80
Twig
\
Error
\
LoaderError
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Loader
/
ChainLoader.php
142
79
Twig
\
Loader
\
ChainLoader
getCacheKey
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
351
78
Twig
\
Environment
getTemplateClass
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
445
77
Twig
\
Environment
loadTemplate
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
423
76
Twig
\
Environment
load
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
384
75
Twig
\
Environment
render
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Twig
/
Twig.php
281
74
Grav
\
Common
\
Twig
\
Twig
processPage
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Page
/
Page.php
859
73
Grav
\
Common
\
Page
\
Page
processTwig
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Page
/
Page.php
732
72
Grav
\
Common
\
Page
\
Page
content
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
690
71
Twig
\
Template
getAttribute
/
cache
/
twig
/
a6
/
a6e71229c07c4ac03d31c4ed1a3b887e66b4114333548c3d78e7922329d932c3.php
46
70
__TwigTemplate_19ae740d6c6dfa56d6a338bbb51557a8029350bcb3024b07d3cca702e4a69634
doDisplay
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
443
69
Twig
\
Template
displayWithErrorHandling
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
414
68
Twig
\
Template
display
/
cache
/
twig
/
6c
/
6c1d65ea28cc330dbce01f6ef934f905e3f32b4a038c5fa70ecf5b43ea230884.php
30
67
__TwigTemplate_a78487088a0ec74ac1aef8f1f93868851d1727715fab3c67f9d695c8bcc1596c
doDisplay
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
443
66
Twig
\
Template
displayWithErrorHandling
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
414
65
Twig
\
Template
display
/
cache
/
twig
/
f4
/
f448589b8fa5e8e96d271b869702bdf2c5f6c03d9e1ebdec2a1766abd9e01266.php
84
64
__TwigTemplate_1fd2da7f05a02335033099a06781b7d00f84f79ced9a93dc72d9cf5790c09ebd
block_content
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
216
63
Twig
\
Template
displayBlock
/
cache
/
twig
/
05
/
05d859bec41ac5da994bb517e48f7a9558c5995f959256a93748d96374b382ab.php
306
62
__TwigTemplate_aed3f39d8681d6e3378d0353681a4dc14e38b6e07894141497597544251eadee
block_body
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
216
61
Twig
\
Template
displayBlock
/
cache
/
twig
/
05
/
05d859bec41ac5da994bb517e48f7a9558c5995f959256a93748d96374b382ab.php
90
60
__TwigTemplate_aed3f39d8681d6e3378d0353681a4dc14e38b6e07894141497597544251eadee
doDisplay
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
443
59
Twig
\
Template
displayWithErrorHandling
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
414
58
Twig
\
Template
display
/
cache
/
twig
/
f4
/
f448589b8fa5e8e96d271b869702bdf2c5f6c03d9e1ebdec2a1766abd9e01266.php
35
57
__TwigTemplate_1fd2da7f05a02335033099a06781b7d00f84f79ced9a93dc72d9cf5790c09ebd
doDisplay
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
443
56
Twig
\
Template
displayWithErrorHandling
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
414
55
Twig
\
Template
display
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
422
54
Twig
\
Template
render
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
TemplateWrapper.php
47
53
Twig
\
TemplateWrapper
render
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
384
52
Twig
\
Environment
render
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Twig
/
Twig.php
395
51
Grav
\
Common
\
Twig
\
Twig
processSite
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Service
/
OutputServiceProvider.php
28
50
Grav
\
Common
\
Service
\
OutputServiceProvider
Grav
\
Common
\
Service
\
{closure}
/
vendor
/
pimple
/
pimple
/
src
/
Pimple
/
Container.php
118
49
Pimple
\
Container
offsetGet
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
RenderProcessor.php
28
48
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
RenderProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
47
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
46
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
DebuggerAssetsProcessor.php
28
45
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
DebuggerAssetsProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
44
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
43
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
PagesProcessor.php
69
42
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
PagesProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
41
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
40
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
TwigProcessor.php
27
39
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
TwigProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
38
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
37
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
AssetsProcessor.php
28
36
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
AssetsProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
35
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
34
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
SchedulerProcessor.php
29
33
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
SchedulerProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
32
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
31
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
BackupsProcessor.php
28
30
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
BackupsProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
29
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
28
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
TasksProcessor.php
59
27
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
TasksProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
26
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
25
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
RequestProcessor.php
52
24
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
RequestProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
23
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
22
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
ThemesProcessor.php
27
21
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
ThemesProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
20
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
19
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
PluginsProcessor.php
30
18
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
PluginsProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
17
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
16
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
InitializeProcessor.php
78
15
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
InitializeProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
14
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
13
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
DebuggerProcessor.php
27
12
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
DebuggerProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
11
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
10
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
ErrorsProcessor.php
27
9
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
ErrorsProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
8
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
7
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
LoggerProcessor.php
48
6
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
LoggerProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
5
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
4
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
ConfigurationProcessor.php
28
3
Grav
\
Common
\
Processors
\
ConfigurationProcessor
process
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
45
2
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
57
1
Grav
\
Framework
\
RequestHandler
\
RequestHandler
handle
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Grav.php
249
0
Grav
\
Common
\
Grav
process
/
index.php
53
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
user
/
themes
/
minimaxing
/
templates
/
partials
/
sections
/
bios.html.twig
<section>
    {% set creators = page.find('/components/creators') %}
    {{ creators.content }}
    <ul class="small-image-list">
        {% for module in creators.collection %}
            {{ module.content }}
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>
</section>
 
Arguments
  1. "An exception has been thrown during the rendering of a template ("Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined.")."
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Twig
/
Twig.php
        $output = '';
        try {
            // Process Modular Twig
            if ($item->modularTwig()) {
                $twig_vars['content'] = $content;
                $extension = $item->templateFormat();
                $extension = $extension ? ".{$extension}.twig" : TEMPLATE_EXT;
                $template = $item->template() . $extension;
                $output = $content = $local_twig->render($template, $twig_vars);
            }
 
            // Process in-page Twig
            if ($item->shouldProcess('twig')) {
                $name = '@Page:' . $item->path();
                $this->setTemplate($name, $content);
                $output = $local_twig->render($name, $twig_vars);
            }
 
        } catch (\Twig_Error_Loader $e) {
            throw new \RuntimeException($e->getRawMessage(), 404, $e);
        }
 
        return $output;
    }
 
    /**
     * Process a Twig template directly by using a template name
     * and optional array of variables
     *
     * @param string $template template to render with
     * @param array  $vars     Optional variables
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function processTemplate($template, $vars = [])
    {
        // override the twig header vars for local resolution
        $this->grav->fireEvent('onTwigTemplateVariables');
        $vars += $this->twig_vars;
 
Arguments
  1. "Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined."
    
Exception message: Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined.
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Loader
/
ChainLoader.php
 
        return $this->hasSourceCache[$name] = false;
    }
 
    public function getCacheKey($name)
    {
        $exceptions = [];
        foreach ($this->loaders as $loader) {
            if ($loader instanceof ExistsLoaderInterface && !$loader->exists($name)) {
                continue;
            }
 
            try {
                return $loader->getCacheKey($name);
            } catch (LoaderError $e) {
                $exceptions[] = \get_class($loader).': '.$e->getMessage();
            }
        }
 
        throw new LoaderError(sprintf('Template "%s" is not defined%s.', $name, $exceptions ? ' ('.implode(', ', $exceptions).')' : ''));
    }
 
    public function isFresh($name, $time)
    {
        $exceptions = [];
        foreach ($this->loaders as $loader) {
            if ($loader instanceof ExistsLoaderInterface && !$loader->exists($name)) {
                continue;
            }
 
            try {
                return $loader->isFresh($name, $time);
            } catch (LoaderError $e) {
                $exceptions[] = \get_class($loader).': '.$e->getMessage();
            }
        }
 
        throw new LoaderError(sprintf('Template "%s" is not defined%s.', $name, $exceptions ? ' ('.implode(', ', $exceptions).')' : ''));
    }
}
Arguments
  1. "Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined."
    
Exception message: Template "modular/bio.txt.twig" is not defined.
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
    /**
     * Gets the template class associated with the given string.
     *
     * The generated template class is based on the following parameters:
     *
     *  * The cache key for the given template;
     *  * The currently enabled extensions;
     *  * Whether the Twig C extension is available or not;
     *  * PHP version;
     *  * Twig version;
     *  * Options with what environment was created.
     *
     * @param string   $name  The name for which to calculate the template class name
     * @param int|null $index The index if it is an embedded template
     *
     * @return string The template class name
     */
    public function getTemplateClass($name, $index = null)
    {
        $key = $this->getLoader()->getCacheKey($name).$this->optionsHash;
 
        return $this->templateClassPrefix.hash('sha256', $key).(null === $index ? '' : '___'.$index);
    }
 
    /**
     * Gets the template class prefix.
     *
     * @return string The template class prefix
     *
     * @deprecated since 1.22 (to be removed in 2.0)
     */
    public function getTemplateClassPrefix()
    {
        @trigger_error(sprintf('The %s method is deprecated since version 1.22 and will be removed in Twig 2.0.', __METHOD__), E_USER_DEPRECATED);
 
        return $this->templateClassPrefix;
    }
 
    /**
     * Renders a template.
Arguments
  1. "modular/bio.txt.twig"
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
    /**
     * Loads a template internal representation.
     *
     * This method is for internal use only and should never be called
     * directly.
     *
     * @param string $name  The template name
     * @param int    $index The index if it is an embedded template
     *
     * @return \Twig_TemplateInterface A template instance representing the given template name
     *
     * @throws LoaderError  When the template cannot be found
     * @throws RuntimeError When a previously generated cache is corrupted
     * @throws SyntaxError  When an error occurred during compilation
     *
     * @internal
     */
    public function loadTemplate($name, $index = null)
    {
        return $this->loadClass($this->getTemplateClass($name), $name, $index);
    }
 
    /**
     * @internal
     */
    public function loadClass($cls, $name, $index = null)
    {
        $mainCls = $cls;
        if (null !== $index) {
            $cls .= '___'.$index;
        }
 
        if (isset($this->loadedTemplates[$cls])) {
            return $this->loadedTemplates[$cls];
        }
 
        if (!class_exists($cls, false)) {
            if ($this->bcGetCacheFilename) {
                $key = $this->getCacheFilename($name);
            } else {
Arguments
  1. "modular/bio.txt.twig"
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
     *
     * @param string|TemplateWrapper|\Twig\Template $name The template name
     *
     * @throws LoaderError  When the template cannot be found
     * @throws RuntimeError When a previously generated cache is corrupted
     * @throws SyntaxError  When an error occurred during compilation
     *
     * @return TemplateWrapper
     */
    public function load($name)
    {
        if ($name instanceof TemplateWrapper) {
            return $name;
        }
 
        if ($name instanceof Template) {
            return new TemplateWrapper($this, $name);
        }
 
        return new TemplateWrapper($this, $this->loadTemplate($name));
    }
 
    /**
     * Loads a template internal representation.
     *
     * This method is for internal use only and should never be called
     * directly.
     *
     * @param string $name  The template name
     * @param int    $index The index if it is an embedded template
     *
     * @return \Twig_TemplateInterface A template instance representing the given template name
     *
     * @throws LoaderError  When the template cannot be found
     * @throws RuntimeError When a previously generated cache is corrupted
     * @throws SyntaxError  When an error occurred during compilation
     *
     * @internal
     */
    public function loadTemplate($name, $index = null)
Arguments
  1. "modular/bio.txt.twig"
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Environment.php
        @trigger_error(sprintf('The %s method is deprecated since version 1.22 and will be removed in Twig 2.0.', __METHOD__), E_USER_DEPRECATED);
 
        return $this->templateClassPrefix;
    }
 
    /**
     * Renders a template.
     *
     * @param string|TemplateWrapper $name    The template name
     * @param array                  $context An array of parameters to pass to the template
     *
     * @return string The rendered template
     *
     * @throws LoaderError  When the template cannot be found
     * @throws SyntaxError  When an error occurred during compilation
     * @throws RuntimeError When an error occurred during rendering
     */
    public function render($name, array $context = [])
    {
        return $this->load($name)->render($context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Displays a template.
     *
     * @param string|TemplateWrapper $name    The template name
     * @param array                  $context An array of parameters to pass to the template
     *
     * @throws LoaderError  When the template cannot be found
     * @throws SyntaxError  When an error occurred during compilation
     * @throws RuntimeError When an error occurred during rendering
     */
    public function display($name, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->load($name)->display($context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Loads a template.
     *
Arguments
  1. "modular/bio.txt.twig"
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Twig
/
Twig.php
 
        // override the twig header vars for local resolution
        $this->grav->fireEvent('onTwigPageVariables', new Event(['page' => $item]));
        $twig_vars = $this->twig_vars;
 
        $twig_vars['page'] = $item;
        $twig_vars['media'] = $item->media();
        $twig_vars['header'] = $item->header();
 
        $local_twig = clone $this->twig;
 
        $output = '';
        try {
            // Process Modular Twig
            if ($item->modularTwig()) {
                $twig_vars['content'] = $content;
                $extension = $item->templateFormat();
                $extension = $extension ? ".{$extension}.twig" : TEMPLATE_EXT;
                $template = $item->template() . $extension;
                $output = $content = $local_twig->render($template, $twig_vars);
            }
 
            // Process in-page Twig
            if ($item->shouldProcess('twig')) {
                $name = '@Page:' . $item->path();
                $this->setTemplate($name, $content);
                $output = $local_twig->render($name, $twig_vars);
            }
 
        } catch (\Twig_Error_Loader $e) {
            throw new \RuntimeException($e->getRawMessage(), 404, $e);
        }
 
        return $output;
    }
 
    /**
     * Process a Twig template directly by using a template name
     * and optional array of variables
     *
Arguments
  1. "modular/bio.txt.twig"
    
  2. array:27 [
      "config" => Config {}
      "system" => array:27 [
        "absolute_urls" => false
        "timezone" => ""
        "default_locale" => null
        "param_sep" => ":"
        "wrapped_site" => false
        "reverse_proxy_setup" => false
        "force_ssl" => false
        "force_lowercase_urls" => true
        "custom_base_url" => "http://www.3dvalley.com"
        "username_regex" => "^[a-z0-9_-]{3,16}$"
        "pwd_regex" => "(?=.*\d)(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,}"
        "intl_enabled" => true
        "languages" => array:9 [
          "supported" => []
          "default_lang" => null
          "include_default_lang" => true
          "pages_fallback_only" => false
          "translations" => true
          "translations_fallback" => true
          "session_store_active" => false
          "http_accept_language" => false
          "override_locale" => false
        ]
        "home" => array:2 [
          "alias" => "/home"
          "hide_in_urls" => false
        ]
        "pages" => array:26 [
          "theme" => "minimaxing"
          "order" => array:2 [
            "by" => "default"
            "dir" => "asc"
          ]
          "list" => array:1 [
            "count" => 20
          ]
          "dateformat" => array:3 [
            "default" => null
            "short" => "jS M Y"
            "long" => "F jS \a\t g:ia"
          ]
          "publish_dates" => true
          "process" => array:2 [
            "markdown" => true
            "twig" => false
          ]
          "twig_first" => false
          "never_cache_twig" => false
          "events" => array:2 [
            "page" => true
            "twig" => true
          ]
          "markdown" => array:5 [
            "extra" => true
            "auto_line_breaks" => false
            "auto_url_links" => false
            "escape_markup" => false
            "special_chars" => array:2 [
              ">" => "gt"
              "<" => "lt"
            ]
          ]
          "types" => array:7 [
            0 => "txt"
            1 => "xml"
            2 => "html"
            3 => "htm"
            4 => "json"
            5 => "rss"
            6 => "atom"
          ]
          "append_url_extension" => ""
          "expires" => 604800
          "cache_control" => null
          "last_modified" => false
          "etag" => true
          "vary_accept_encoding" => false
          "redirect_default_route" => false
          "redirect_default_code" => "301"
          "redirect_trailing_slash" => true
          "ignore_files" => array:1 [
            0 => ".DS_Store"
          ]
          "ignore_folders" => array:2 [
            0 => ".git"
            1 => ".idea"
          ]
          "ignore_hidden" => true
          "hide_empty_folders" => false
          "url_taxonomy_filters" => true
          "frontmatter" => array:2 [
            "process_twig" => false
            "ignore_fields" => array:2 [
              0 => "form"
              1 => "forms"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "cache" => array:13 [
          "enabled" => true
          "check" => array:1 [
            "method" => "file"
          ]
          "driver" => "apcu"
          "prefix" => "g"
          "purge_at" => "0 4 * * *"
          "clear_at" => "0 3 * * *"
          "clear_job_type" => "standard"
          "clear_images_by_default" => true
          "cli_compatibility" => false
          "lifetime" => 604800
          "gzip" => true
          "allow_webserver_gzip" => false
          "redis" => array:1 [
            "socket" => false
          ]
        ]
        "twig" => array:7 [
          "cache" => true
          "debug" => true
          "auto_reload" => true
          "autoescape" => false
          "undefined_functions" => true
          "undefined_filters" => true
          "umask_fix" => false
        ]
        "assets" => array:12 [
          "css_pipeline" => true
          "css_pipeline_include_externals" => true
          "css_pipeline_before_excludes" => true
          "css_minify" => true
          "css_minify_windows" => false
          "css_rewrite" => true
          "js_pipeline" => true
          "js_pipeline_include_externals" => true
          "js_pipeline_before_excludes" => true
          "js_minify" => true
          "enable_asset_timestamp" => false
          "collections" => array:1 [
            "jquery" => "system://assets/jquery/jquery-2.x.min.js"
          ]
        ]
        "errors" => array:2 [
          "display" => 1
          "log" => true
        ]
        "log" => array:2 [
          "handler" => "file"
          "syslog" => array:1 [
            "facility" => "local6"
          ]
        ]
        "debugger" => array:3 [
          "enabled" => false
          "shutdown" => array:1 [
            "close_connection" => true
          ]
          "twig" => true
        ]
        "images" => array:6 [
          "default_image_quality" => 85
          "cache_all" => false
          "cache_perms" => "0755"
          "debug" => false
          "auto_fix_orientation" => false
          "seofriendly" => false
        ]
        "media" => array:5 [
          "enable_media_timestamp" => false
          "unsupported_inline_types" => []
          "allowed_fallback_types" => []
          "auto_metadata_exif" => false
          "upload_limit" => 33554432
        ]
        "session" => array:9 [
          "enabled" => true
          "initialize" => true
          "timeout" => 1800
          "name" => "grav-site"
          "uniqueness" => "path"
          "secure" => false
          "httponly" => true
          "split" => true
          "path" => "/"
        ]
        "gpm" => array:5 [
          "releases" => "stable"
          "proxy_url" => null
          "method" => "auto"
          "verify_peer" => true
          "official_gpm_only" => true
        ]
        "accounts" => array:2 [
          "type" => "data"
          "storage" => "file"
        ]
        "strict_mode" => array:2 [
          "yaml_compat" => true
          "twig_compat" => true
        ]
      ]
      "theme" => array:2 [
        "enabled" => true
        "dropdown" => array:1 [
          "enabled" => false
        ]
      ]
      "site" => array:14 [
        "title" => "3Dvalley"
        "default_lang" => "en"
        "author" => array:2 [
          "name" => "Admin"
          "email" => "webmaster@3dvalley.com"
        ]
        "taxonomies" => array:2 [
          0 => "category"
          1 => "tag"
        ]
        "metadata" => array:1 [
          "description" => "Free 3D models and textures"
        ]
        "summary" => array:4 [
          "enabled" => true
          "format" => "short"
          "size" => 300
          "delimiter" => "==="
        ]
        "redirects" => array:12 [
          "/tutorials/3d-studio-max-hotkeys-and-mouse-essentials" => "/tutorials/threed-studio-max-hotkeys-and-mouse-essentials "
          "/tutorials/3d-studio-max-tutorial-modeling-a-plunger" => "/tutorials/modeling-a-plunger-in-3d-studio-max"
          "/tutorials/modeling-a-brake-rotor" => "/tutorials/modeling-brake-rotor-in-3d-studio-max"
          "/models" => "/3d-models"
          "/free-textures" => "/textures"
          "/textures.shtml" => "/textures"
          "/tutorials/rendering-objects-in-a-solidwire-mix" => "/tutorials/rendering-wip-images-in-3d-studio-max"
          "/tutorials/modeling-a-highly-detailed-basketball-in-3d-studio-max" => "/tutorials/modeling-a-highly-detailed-basketball-in-3ds-max/"
          "/models.shtml" => "/3d-models"
          "/c/tutorials" => "/tutorials"
          "/models/models_household.shtml" => "/3d-models/household"
          "/downloadables/3DStudioMAX-hotkeys.pdf" => "/tutorials/threed-studio-max-hotkeys-and-mouse-essentials"
        ]
        "routes" => null
        "blog" => array:1 [
          "route" => "/blog"
        ]
        "header" => array:2 [
          "title" => "I'm Jonathan Doe."
          "description" => "I'm a Manila based <span>graphic designer</span>, <span>illustrator</span> and <span>webdesigner</span> creating awesome and effective visual identities for companies of all sizes around the globe. Let's <a class="smoothscroll" href="#about">start scrolling</a> and learn more <a class="smoothscroll" href="#about">about me</a>."
        ]
        "copyright" => array:2 [
          0 => array:1 [
            "line" => "Copyright 2014 CeeVee"
          ]
          1 => array:1 [
            "line" => "Design by <a title="Styleshout" href="http://www.styleshout.com/">Styleshout</a>"
          ]
        ]
        "social" => array:7 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "facebook"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "twitter"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "google-plus"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "linkedin"
          ]
          4 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "instagram"
          ]
          5 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "dribbble"
          ]
          6 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "skype"
          ]
        ]
        "twitter" => array:7 [
          "id" => "657554810648948736"
          "domId" => "tw-widget1"
          "maxTweets" => 3
          "enableLinks" => "true"
          "showInteraction" => "false"
          "showImages" => "false"
          "showUser" => "false"
        ]
        "acxtest" => "TEST"
      ]
      "uri" => Uri {}
      "assets" => Assets {}
      "taxonomy" => Taxonomy {}
      "browser" => Browser {}
      "base_dir" => "/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test"
      "home_url" => "/"
      "base_url" => ""
      "base_url_absolute" => "http://www.3dvalley.com"
      "base_url_relative" => ""
      "base_url_simple" => ""
      "theme_dir" => "/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/user/themes/minimaxing"
      "theme_url" => "/user/themes/minimaxing"
      "html_lang" => "en"
      "language_codes" => LanguageCodes {}
      "json" => "</script><script>"
      "myvar" => "</script><script>"
      "form" => null
      "form_max_filesize" => 32
      "form_json_response" => []
      "page" => Page {}
      "media" => Media {}
      "header" => {}
      "content" => "<p>.3DS &amp; .MAX</p>"
    ]
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Page
/
Page.php
        $excerpts = new Excerpts($this, $defaults);
 
        // Initialize the preferred variant of Parsedown
        if ($extra) {
            $parsedown = new ParsedownExtra($excerpts);
        } else {
            $parsedown = new Parsedown($excerpts);
        }
 
        $this->content = $parsedown->text($this->content);
    }
 
 
    /**
     * Process the Twig page content.
     */
    private function processTwig()
    {
        $twig = Grav::instance()['twig'];
        $this->content = $twig->processPage($this, $this->content);
    }
 
    /**
     * Fires the onPageContentProcessed event, and caches the page content using a unique ID for the page
     */
    public function cachePageContent()
    {
        $cache = Grav::instance()['cache'];
        $cache_id = md5('page' . $this->id());
        $cache->save($cache_id, ['content' => $this->content, 'content_meta' => $this->content_meta]);
    }
 
    /**
     * Needed by the onPageContentProcessed event to get the raw page content
     *
     * @return string   the current page content
     */
    public function getRawContent()
    {
        return $this->content;
Arguments
  1. Page {}
    
  2. "<p>.3DS &amp; .MAX</p>"
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Page
/
Page.php
                        if ($process_twig) {
                            $this->processTwig();
                        }
                        if ($process_markdown) {
                            $this->processMarkdown();
                        }
 
                        // Content Processed but not cached yet
                        Grav::instance()->fireEvent('onPageContentProcessed', new Event(['page' => $this]));
 
                    } else {
                        if ($process_markdown) {
                            $this->processMarkdown();
                        }
 
                        // Content Processed but not cached yet
                        Grav::instance()->fireEvent('onPageContentProcessed', new Event(['page' => $this]));
 
                        if ($process_twig) {
                            $this->processTwig();
                        }
                    }
 
                    if ($cache_enable) {
                        $this->cachePageContent();
                    }
                }
            }
 
            // Handle summary divider
            $delimiter = $config->get('site.summary.delimiter', '===');
            $divider_pos = mb_strpos($this->content, "<p>{$delimiter}</p>");
            if ($divider_pos !== false) {
                $this->summary_size = $divider_pos;
                $this->content = str_replace("<p>{$delimiter}</p>", '', $this->content);
            }
 
            // Fire event when Page::content() is called
            Grav::instance()->fireEvent('onPageContent', new Event(['page' => $this]));
        }
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
            if ($ignoreStrictCheck || !$this->env->isStrictVariables()) {
                return;
            }
 
            throw new RuntimeError(sprintf('Neither the property "%1$s" nor one of the methods "%1$s()", "get%1$s()"/"is%1$s()" or "__call()" exist and have public access in class "%2$s".', $item, $class), -1, $this->getSourceContext());
        }
 
        if ($isDefinedTest) {
            return true;
        }
 
        if ($this->env->hasExtension('\Twig\Extension\SandboxExtension')) {
            $this->env->getExtension('\Twig\Extension\SandboxExtension')->checkMethodAllowed($object, $method);
        }
 
        // Some objects throw exceptions when they have __call, and the method we try
        // to call is not supported. If ignoreStrictCheck is true, we should return null.
        try {
            if (!$arguments) {
                $ret = $object->$method();
            } else {
                $ret = \call_user_func_array([$object, $method], $arguments);
            }
        } catch (\BadMethodCallException $e) {
            if ($call && ($ignoreStrictCheck || !$this->env->isStrictVariables())) {
                return;
            }
            throw $e;
        }
 
        // @deprecated in 1.28
        if ($object instanceof \Twig_TemplateInterface) {
            $self = $object->getTemplateName() === $this->getTemplateName();
            $message = sprintf('Calling "%s" on template "%s" from template "%s" is deprecated since version 1.28 and won\'t be supported anymore in 2.0.', $item, $object->getTemplateName(), $this->getTemplateName());
            if ('renderBlock' === $method || 'displayBlock' === $method) {
                $message .= sprintf(' Use block("%s"%s) instead).', $arguments[0], $self ? '' : ', template');
            } elseif ('hasBlock' === $method) {
                $message .= sprintf(' Use "block("%s"%s) is defined" instead).', $arguments[0], $self ? '' : ', template');
            } elseif ('render' === $method || 'display' === $method) {
                $message .= sprintf(' Use include("%s") instead).', $object->getTemplateName());
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
cache
/
twig
/
a6
/
a6e71229c07c4ac03d31c4ed1a3b887e66b4114333548c3d78e7922329d932c3.php
    protected function doDisplay(array $context, array $blocks = [])
    {
        // line 1
        echo "<section>
\t";
        // line 2
        $context["creators"] = $this->getAttribute(($context["page"] ?? null), "find", [0 => "/components/creators"], "method");
        // line 3
        echo "\t";
        echo $this->getAttribute(($context["creators"] ?? null), "content", []);
        echo "
\t<ul class=\"small-image-list\">
\t\t";
        // line 5
        $context['_parent'] = $context;
        $context['_seq'] = twig_ensure_traversable($this->getAttribute(($context["creators"] ?? null), "collection", []));
        foreach ($context['_seq'] as $context["_key"] => $context["module"]) {
            // line 6
            echo "\t\t\t";
            echo $this->getAttribute($context["module"], "content", []);
            echo "
\t\t";
        }
        $_parent = $context['_parent'];
        unset($context['_seq'], $context['_iterated'], $context['_key'], $context['module'], $context['_parent'], $context['loop']);
        $context = array_intersect_key($context, $_parent) + $_parent;
        // line 8
        echo "\t</ul>
</section>
";
    }
 
    public function getTemplateName()
    {
        return "partials/sections/bios.html.twig";
    }
 
    public function isTraitable()
    {
        return false;
Arguments
  1. Page {}
    
  2. "content"
    
  3. []
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
vendor
/
twig
/
twig
/
src
/
Template.php
            while (ob_get_level() > $level) {
                ob_end_clean();
            }
 
            throw $e;
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            while (ob_get_level() > $level) {
                ob_end_clean();
            }
 
            throw $e;
        }
 
        return ob_get_clean();
    }
 
    protected function displayWithErrorHandling(array $context, array $blocks = [])
    {
        try {
            $this->doDisplay($context, $blocks);
        } catch (Error $e) {
            if (!$e->getSourceContext()) {
                $e->setSourceContext($this->getSourceContext());
            }
 
            // this is mostly useful for \Twig\Error\LoaderError exceptions
            // see \Twig\Error\LoaderError
            if (-1 === $e->getTemplateLine()) {
                $e->guess();
            }
 
            throw $e;
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            $e = new RuntimeError(sprintf('An exception has been thrown during the rendering of a template ("%s").', $e->getMessage()), -1, $this->getSourceContext(), $e);
            $e->guess();
 
            throw $e;
        }
    }
 
Arguments
  1. array:35 [
      "config" => Config {#1}
      "system" => array:27 [
        "absolute_urls" => false
        "timezone" => ""
        "default_locale" => null
        "param_sep" => ":"
        "wrapped_site" => false
        "reverse_proxy_setup" => false
        "force_ssl" => false
        "force_lowercase_urls" => true
        "custom_base_url" => "http://www.3dvalley.com"
        "username_regex" => "^[a-z0-9_-]{3,16}$"
        "pwd_regex" => "(?=.*\d)(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,}"
        "intl_enabled" => true
        "languages" => array:9 [
          "supported" => []
          "default_lang" => null
          "include_default_lang" => true
          "pages_fallback_only" => false
          "translations" => true
          "translations_fallback" => true
          "session_store_active" => false
          "http_accept_language" => false
          "override_locale" => false
        ]
        "home" => array:2 [
          "alias" => "/home"
          "hide_in_urls" => false
        ]
        "pages" => array:26 [
          "theme" => "minimaxing"
          "order" => array:2 [
            "by" => "default"
            "dir" => "asc"
          ]
          "list" => array:1 [
            "count" => 20
          ]
          "dateformat" => array:3 [
            "default" => null
            "short" => "jS M Y"
            "long" => "F jS \a\t g:ia"
          ]
          "publish_dates" => true
          "process" => array:2 [
            "markdown" => true
            "twig" => false
          ]
          "twig_first" => false
          "never_cache_twig" => false
          "events" => array:2 [
            "page" => true
            "twig" => true
          ]
          "markdown" => array:5 [
            "extra" => true
            "auto_line_breaks" => false
            "auto_url_links" => false
            "escape_markup" => false
            "special_chars" => array:2 [
              ">" => "gt"
              "<" => "lt"
            ]
          ]
          "types" => array:7 [
            0 => "txt"
            1 => "xml"
            2 => "html"
            3 => "htm"
            4 => "json"
            5 => "rss"
            6 => "atom"
          ]
          "append_url_extension" => ""
          "expires" => 604800
          "cache_control" => null
          "last_modified" => false
          "etag" => true
          "vary_accept_encoding" => false
          "redirect_default_route" => false
          "redirect_default_code" => "301"
          "redirect_trailing_slash" => true
          "ignore_files" => array:1 [
            0 => ".DS_Store"
          ]
          "ignore_folders" => array:2 [
            0 => ".git"
            1 => ".idea"
          ]
          "ignore_hidden" => true
          "hide_empty_folders" => false
          "url_taxonomy_filters" => true
          "frontmatter" => array:2 [
            "process_twig" => false
            "ignore_fields" => array:2 [
              0 => "form"
              1 => "forms"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "cache" => array:13 [
          "enabled" => true
          "check" => array:1 [
            "method" => "file"
          ]
          "driver" => "apcu"
          "prefix" => "g"
          "purge_at" => "0 4 * * *"
          "clear_at" => "0 3 * * *"
          "clear_job_type" => "standard"
          "clear_images_by_default" => true
          "cli_compatibility" => false
          "lifetime" => 604800
          "gzip" => true
          "allow_webserver_gzip" => false
          "redis" => array:1 [
            "socket" => false
          ]
        ]
        "twig" => array:7 [
          "cache" => true
          "debug" => true
          "auto_reload" => true
          "autoescape" => false
          "undefined_functions" => true
          "undefined_filters" => true
          "umask_fix" => false
        ]
        "assets" => array:12 [
          "css_pipeline" => true
          "css_pipeline_include_externals" => true
          "css_pipeline_before_excludes" => true
          "css_minify" => true
          "css_minify_windows" => false
          "css_rewrite" => true
          "js_pipeline" => true
          "js_pipeline_include_externals" => true
          "js_pipeline_before_excludes" => true
          "js_minify" => true
          "enable_asset_timestamp" => false
          "collections" => array:1 [
            "jquery" => "system://assets/jquery/jquery-2.x.min.js"
          ]
        ]
        "errors" => array:2 [
          "display" => 1
          "log" => true
        ]
        "log" => array:2 [
          "handler" => "file"
          "syslog" => array:1 [
            "facility" => "local6"
          ]
        ]
        "debugger" => array:3 [
          "enabled" => false
          "shutdown" => array:1 [
            "close_connection" => true
          ]
          "twig" => true
        ]
        "images" => array:6 [
          "default_image_quality" => 85
          "cache_all" => false
          "cache_perms" => "0755"
          "debug" => false
          "auto_fix_orientation" => false
          "seofriendly" => false
        ]
        "media" => array:5 [
          "enable_media_timestamp" => false
          "unsupported_inline_types" => []
          "allowed_fallback_types" => []
          "auto_metadata_exif" => false
          "upload_limit" => 33554432
        ]
        "session" => array:9 [
          "enabled" => true
          "initialize" => true
          "timeout" => 1800
          "name" => "grav-site"
          "uniqueness" => "path"
          "secure" => false
          "httponly" => true
          "split" => true
          "path" => "/"
        ]
        "gpm" => array:5 [
          "releases" => "stable"
          "proxy_url" => null
          "method" => "auto"
          "verify_peer" => true
          "official_gpm_only" => true
        ]
        "accounts" => array:2 [
          "type" => "data"
          "storage" => "file"
        ]
        "strict_mode" => array:2 [
          "yaml_compat" => true
          "twig_compat" => true
        ]
      ]
      "theme" => array:2 [
        "enabled" => true
        "dropdown" => array:1 [
          "enabled" => false
        ]
      ]
      "site" => array:14 [
        "title" => "3Dvalley"
        "default_lang" => "en"
        "author" => array:2 [
          "name" => "Admin"
          "email" => "webmaster@3dvalley.com"
        ]
        "taxonomies" => array:2 [
          0 => "category"
          1 => "tag"
        ]
        "metadata" => array:1 [
          "description" => "Free 3D models and textures"
        ]
        "summary" => array:4 [
          "enabled" => true
          "format" => "short"
          "size" => 300
          "delimiter" => "==="
        ]
        "redirects" => array:12 [
          "/tutorials/3d-studio-max-hotkeys-and-mouse-essentials" => "/tutorials/threed-studio-max-hotkeys-and-mouse-essentials "
          "/tutorials/3d-studio-max-tutorial-modeling-a-plunger" => "/tutorials/modeling-a-plunger-in-3d-studio-max"
          "/tutorials/modeling-a-brake-rotor" => "/tutorials/modeling-brake-rotor-in-3d-studio-max"
          "/models" => "/3d-models"
          "/free-textures" => "/textures"
          "/textures.shtml" => "/textures"
          "/tutorials/rendering-objects-in-a-solidwire-mix" => "/tutorials/rendering-wip-images-in-3d-studio-max"
          "/tutorials/modeling-a-highly-detailed-basketball-in-3d-studio-max" => "/tutorials/modeling-a-highly-detailed-basketball-in-3ds-max/"
          "/models.shtml" => "/3d-models"
          "/c/tutorials" => "/tutorials"
          "/models/models_household.shtml" => "/3d-models/household"
          "/downloadables/3DStudioMAX-hotkeys.pdf" => "/tutorials/threed-studio-max-hotkeys-and-mouse-essentials"
        ]
        "routes" => null
        "blog" => array:1 [
          "route" => "/blog"
        ]
        "header" => array:2 [
          "title" => "I'm Jonathan Doe."
          "description" => "I'm a Manila based <span>graphic designer</span>, <span>illustrator</span> and <span>webdesigner</span> creating awesome and effective visual identities for companies of all sizes around the globe. Let's <a class="smoothscroll" href="#about">start scrolling</a> and learn more <a class="smoothscroll" href="#about">about me</a>."
        ]
        "copyright" => array:2 [
          0 => array:1 [
            "line" => "Copyright 2014 CeeVee"
          ]
          1 => array:1 [
            "line" => "Design by <a title="Styleshout" href="http://www.styleshout.com/">Styleshout</a>"
          ]
        ]
        "social" => array:7 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "facebook"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "twitter"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "google-plus"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "linkedin"
          ]
          4 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "instagram"
          ]
          5 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "dribbble"
          ]
          6 => array:2 [
            "url" => "#"
            "icon" => "skype"
          ]
        ]
        "twitter" => array:7 [
          "id" => "657554810648948736"
          "domId" => "tw-widget1"
          "maxTweets" => 3
          "enableLinks" => "true"
          "showInteraction" => "false"
          "showImages" => "false"
          "showUser" => "false"
        ]
        "acxtest" => "TEST"
      ]
      "uri" => Uri {#2}
      "assets" => Assets {#3}
      "taxonomy" => Taxonomy {#4}
      "browser" => Browser {#5}
      "base_dir" => "/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test"
      "home_url" => "/"
      "base_url" => ""
      "base_url_absolute" => "http://www.3dvalley.com"
      "base_url_relative" => ""
      "base_url_simple" => ""
      "theme_dir" => "/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/user/themes/minimaxing"
      "theme_url" => "/user/themes/minimaxing"
      "html_lang" => "en"
      "language_codes" => LanguageCodes {#6}
      "json" => "</script><script>"
      "myvar" => "</script><script>"
      "form" => null
      "form_max_filesize" => 32
      "form_json_response" => []
      "pages" => Page {#7}
      "page" => Page {#8}
      "header" => {#9}
      "media" => Media {#10}
      "content" => """
        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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          <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
          \n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
          <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
          We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
          Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
          Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
          Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
          Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
          Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
          <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
          Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
          Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
          <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
          <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
          Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
          <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
          Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
          Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
          Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
          <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
          Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
          Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
          Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
          <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
          To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
          <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
          <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
          <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
          <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
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twig
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6c1d65ea28cc330dbce01f6ef934f905e3f32b4a038c5fa70ecf5b43ea230884.php
use Twig\Source;
use Twig\Template;
 
/* partials/sidebar1.html.twig */
class __TwigTemplate_a78487088a0ec74ac1aef8f1f93868851d1727715fab3c67f9d695c8bcc1596c extends \Twig\Template
{
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
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jhiemstraxartec
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
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        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
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        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
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        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
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        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
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        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
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        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
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        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
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        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
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        <p>In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        \n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/samplechain.jpg" /></p>\n
        <p>Modeling and ‘posing’ 3D chains may seem like a tedious job, but actually can be done rather easily by using the Array Tool and treating the links in the chain as bones. In this tutorial, I will show you how you can model a chain, rig it in a couple of simple steps. This allows you to pose and animate the chain in an efficient manner. This tutorial is aimed at the beginner and every step is outlined and displayed in detail, but does assume some basic knowledge of 3D Studio Max.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 1</strong>\n
        We are going to start with modeling a single link from the chain. Click the Shapes button on the Command Panel, click the Rectangle button, and then draw a rectangle as shown in the picture below. Don’t worry about the exact size yet.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/1.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 2</strong>\n
        Click on the Modify tab of the Command Panel, and change the Length and Width values below the Parameters section to 1 cm and 3 cm respectively:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/2.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 3</strong>\n
        Press the Zoom Extents Select button at the right bottom of your screen:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/3.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 4</strong>\n
        Set the Corner Radius setting to 0.35cm</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/4.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/5.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 5</strong>\n
        Click on the Rendering section to open it, enable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option. Set the Thickness value to: 0.4cm.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/6.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 6</strong>\n
        Click the Hierarchy tab of the Command Panel, and click the Affect Pivot Only button. Move the Pivot to the right to the location shown in the picture below:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/7.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Click the Affect Pivot Only button again to disable it.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 7</strong>\n
        Unless you're using a huge screen, zoom out a bit you so can what you're doing during the next step. Select Array… from the Tools menu:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/9.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 8</strong>\n
        Change the Incremental Move X value to -2.54cm and the Incremental Rotate X value to 90. Set the Count value for 1D to 10 and click on the Preview button. If the results look like below, press the OK button.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/10.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>If you are going to use textures for the links, you should create at least 3 to 5 different versions depending on the length of the chain, and rotate and mirror the individual links to avoid repetition in the textures.</p>\n
        <p>Now we have a straight chain with only 10 links. While we could have picked a higher number for the Count value in the Array tool, using less will actually save us some work during the next step, and allows you to add some extra variation by rotating the links. The next step is ‘linking the links’.</p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 9</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button on the main toolbar:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/11.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Select the last chain link, on the left of the chain, and drag the mouse pointer to the next chain link. If you do it correctly, the chain link to which you link the other chain link will flash white for a split second. Repeat this process for all chains links</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/12.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/sal.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 10</strong>\n
        Select all the chain links, hold down the Shift key and drag the links to the left as shown in the following picture. When the Clone Options dialog box appears, choose the option Reference.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/13.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 11</strong>\n
        Click the Select and Link button again and link the center two chain links (from left to right as we did earlier. In other words, link the chain link left from the center of the chain, to the chain link right from the center of the chain. Make sure you deselect the 20 chain links you just cloned.) To create a longer chain, you can simply repeat this process, e.g. select all 20 chain links, clone them, and then link the center chain links again. You can make the chain as long as you want, as long as the chain links are linked in one direction. I repeated these steps again, ending up with chain of 40 links.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/14.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 12</strong>\n
        Select the first chain link on the left of the chain. Choose SplineIK Solver from the IK Solver submenu from the Animation menu.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/15.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The mouse cursor will change to a + sign, showing a trail back to the chain link you selected. Now click on the chain link at the other end of the chain. Two blue lines are added of which one goes all the way through the model, as shown in the following picture. This is called an IK Chain.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/16.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 13</strong>\n
        Click the Shapes button on the Create tab of the Command Panel. Click the Line button and draw a straight line directly above the chain, of approximately the same size as the chain. Make sure you draw it from right to left, and click 5 times along the way to add some vertexes to the line. Disable the Enable In Renderer option and the Enable In Viewport option.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/17.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 14</strong>\n
        Click on the Motion tab of the Command Panel. Click the button labeled None below Pick Shape: in the SplineIK Solver section and select the Line you created in the previous step. The button of the label with change into Line01.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/18.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 15</strong>\n
        Select the Line and switch to Vertex sub-object level. Select one of the vertexes of the line and move it around. If you followed all steps correctly, the chain should now take the shape of the Line.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/19.gif" /></p>\n
        <p><strong>Step 16</strong>\n
        To allow the chain to take a more realistic shape, we need to change the vertexes from ‘corner’ to ‘smooth’. While you still have that vertex selected from the previous step, press CTRL-A on your keyboard to select all the vertexes in the Line. Right-click in the viewport and select smooth as shown in the following picture:</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/20.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>The Line as well as the chain will now take a more curved shape. Move around some of the other vertexes and see what the results are. If the links do line up on certain corners, you can change the corresponding vertex to Bezier, which gives you some extra control. Instead of using an SplineIK Solver, you can also use a more simple HI Solver for example (in step 12), but by using the additional Line shape to control the IK Chain ‘and’ the chain object you can easily pose the chain as needed. For example, place a necklace around a model’s neck, or slightly hanging between two poles. The more links you add, and the more vertexes you add to the control spline, the more granular your control over the chain will become.</p>\n
        <p><img alt="" src="/user/pages/04.tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/21.gif" /></p>\n
        <p>Assign a metal or paint material to it and you got yourself a lifelike chain. Instead of creating a chain link based on a Rectangle shape, try one of the other shapes (e.g. Circle, Donut, Ellipse, Helix, Star) or create your own original chain link by drawing a complex Line shape.</p>\n
        <p>I hope you enjoyed this tutorial and that it contributed something to your 3D Studio Max modeling skills.</p>
        """
    ]
    
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Grav
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Common
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Service
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OutputServiceProvider.php
 
namespace Grav\Common\Service;
 
use Grav\Common\Page\Interfaces\PageInterface;
use Grav\Common\Twig\Twig;
use Pimple\Container;
use Pimple\ServiceProviderInterface;
 
class OutputServiceProvider implements ServiceProviderInterface
{
    public function register(Container $container)
    {
        $container['output'] = function ($c) {
            /** @var Twig $twig */
            $twig = $c['twig'];
 
            /** @var PageInterface $page */
            $page = $c['page'];
 
            return $twig->processSite($page->templateFormat());
        };
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. "txt"
    
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pimple
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pimple
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src
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Pimple
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Container.php
    {
        if (!isset($this->keys[$id])) {
            throw new UnknownIdentifierException($id);
        }
 
        if (
            isset($this->raw[$id])
            || !\is_object($this->values[$id])
            || isset($this->protected[$this->values[$id]])
            || !\method_exists($this->values[$id], '__invoke')
        ) {
            return $this->values[$id];
        }
 
        if (isset($this->factories[$this->values[$id]])) {
            return $this->values[$id]($this);
        }
 
        $raw = $this->values[$id];
        $val = $this->values[$id] = $raw($this);
        $this->raw[$id] = $raw;
 
        $this->frozen[$id] = true;
 
        return $val;
    }
 
    /**
     * Checks if a parameter or an object is set.
     *
     * @param string $id The unique identifier for the parameter or object
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function offsetExists($id)
    {
        return isset($this->keys[$id]);
    }
 
    /**
Arguments
  1. Grav {}
    
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Grav
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Common
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Processors
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RenderProcessor.php
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Grav\Common\Page\Interfaces\PageInterface;
use Grav\Framework\Psr7\Response;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class RenderProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = 'render';
    public $title = 'Render';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
 
        $container = $this->container;
        $output =  $container['output'];
 
        if ($output instanceof ResponseInterface) {
            return $output;
        }
 
        ob_start();
 
        // Use internal Grav output.
        $container->output = $output;
        $container->fireEvent('onOutputGenerated');
 
        echo $container->output;
 
        // remove any output
        $container->output = '';
 
        $this->container->fireEvent('onOutputRendered');
 
        $html = ob_get_clean();
 
Arguments
  1. "output"
    
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
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RequestHandler
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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Common
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Processors
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DebuggerAssetsProcessor.php
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Grav\Framework\Psr7\Response;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class DebuggerAssetsProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = 'debugger_assets';
    public $title = 'Debugger Assets';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['debugger']->addAssets();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
 
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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RequestHandler
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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PagesProcessor.php
            $this->addMessage("Routed to page {$page->rawRoute()} (type: {$page->template()}) [Not Found fallback]");
        } else {
            $this->addMessage("Routed to page {$page->rawRoute()} (type: {$page->template()})");
 
            $task = $this->container['task'];
            $action = $this->container['action'];
            if ($task) {
                $event = new Event(['task' => $task, 'page' => $page]);
                $this->container->fireEvent('onPageTask', $event);
                $this->container->fireEvent('onPageTask.' . $task, $event);
            } elseif ($action) {
                $event = new Event(['action' => $action, 'page' => $page]);
                $this->container->fireEvent('onPageAction', $event);
                $this->container->fireEvent('onPageAction.' . $action, $event);
            }
        }
 
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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Framework
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RequestHandler
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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Common
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Processors
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TwigProcessor.php
 */
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class TwigProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = 'twig';
    public $title = 'Twig';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['twig']->init();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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Framework
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RequestHandler
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
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RequestHandler
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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Common
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Processors
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AssetsProcessor.php
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class AssetsProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = '_assets';
    public $title = 'Assets';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['assets']->init();
        $this->container->fireEvent('onAssetsInitialized');
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
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Traits
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
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RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
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jhiemstraxartec
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public_html
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test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
SchedulerProcessor.php
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use RocketTheme\Toolbox\Event\Event;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class SchedulerProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = '_scheduler';
    public $title = 'Scheduler';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $scheduler = $this->container['scheduler'];
        $this->container->fireEvent('onSchedulerInitialized', new Event(['scheduler' => $scheduler]));
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
BackupsProcessor.php
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class BackupsProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = '_backups';
    public $title = 'Backups';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $backups = $this->container['backups'];
        $backups->init();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
TasksProcessor.php
                    }
 
                    $this->stopTimer();
 
                    return $response;
 
                } catch (NotFoundException $e) {
                    // Task not found: Let it pass through.
                }
            }
 
            if ($task) {
                $this->container->fireEvent('onTask.' . $task);
            } elseif ($action) {
                $this->container->fireEvent('onAction.' . $action);
            }
        }
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
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test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
RequestProcessor.php
        $uri = $request->getUri();
        $ext = mb_strtolower(pathinfo($uri->getPath(), PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
 
        $request = $request
            ->withAttribute('grav', $this->container)
            ->withAttribute('time', $_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT'] ?? GRAV_REQUEST_TIME)
            ->withAttribute('route', Uri::getCurrentRoute()->withExtension($ext))
            ->withAttribute('referrer', $this->container['uri']->referrer());
 
        $event = new RequestHandlerEvent(['request' => $request, 'handler' => $handler]);
        /** @var RequestHandlerEvent $event */
        $event = $this->container->fireEvent('onRequestHandlerInit', $event);
        $response = $event->getResponse();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        if ($response) {
            return $response;
        }
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
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public_html
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test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
ThemesProcessor.php
 */
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class ThemesProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = 'themes';
    public $title = 'Themes';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['themes']->init();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
PluginsProcessor.php
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class PluginsProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = 'plugins';
    public $title = 'Plugins';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        // TODO: remove in 2.0.
        $this->container['accounts'];
        $this->container['plugins']->init();
        $this->container->fireEvent('onPluginsInitialized');
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
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test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
InitializeProcessor.php
        }
 
        /** @var Uri $uri */
        $uri = $this->container['uri'];
        $uri->init();
 
        // Redirect pages with trailing slash if configured to do so.
        $path = $uri->path() ?: '/';
        if ($path !== '/'
            && $config->get('system.pages.redirect_trailing_slash', false)
            && Utils::endsWith($path, '/')) {
 
            $redirect = (string) $uri::getCurrentRoute()->toString();
            $this->container->redirect($redirect);
        }
 
        $this->container->setLocale();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
DebuggerProcessor.php
 */
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class DebuggerProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = '_debugger';
    public $title = 'Init Debugger';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['debugger']->init();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
ErrorsProcessor.php
 */
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class ErrorsProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = '_errors';
    public $title = 'Error Handlers Reset';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['errors']->resetHandlers();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
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jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
LoggerProcessor.php
 
        /** @var Config $config */
        $config = $grav['config'];
 
        switch ($config->get('system.log.handler', 'file')) {
            case 'syslog':
                $log = $grav['log'];
                $log->popHandler();
 
                $facility = $config->get('system.log.syslog.facility', 'local6');
                $logHandler = new SyslogHandler('grav', $facility);
                $formatter = new LineFormatter("%channel%.%level_name%: %message% %extra%");
                $logHandler->setFormatter($formatter);
 
                $log->pushHandler($logHandler);
                break;
        }
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Processors
/
ConfigurationProcessor.php
 
namespace Grav\Common\Processors;
 
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
 
class ConfigurationProcessor extends ProcessorBase
{
    public $id = '_config';
    public $title = 'Configuration';
 
    public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
    {
        $this->startTimer();
        $this->container['config']->init();
        $this->container['plugins']->setup();
        $this->stopTimer();
 
        return $handler->handle($request);
    }
}
 
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
    private $handler;
 
    /** @var ContainerInterface|null */
    private $container;
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     * @throws InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request): ResponseInterface
    {
        $middleware = array_shift($this->middleware);
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
  2. RequestHandler {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Framework
/
RequestHandler
/
Traits
/
RequestHandlerTrait.php
 
        // Use default callable if there is no middleware.
        if ($middleware === null) {
            return \call_user_func($this->handler, $request);
        }
 
        if ($middleware instanceof MiddlewareInterface) {
            return $middleware->process($request, clone $this);
        }
 
        if (null === $this->container || !$this->container->has($middleware)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
                sprintf('The middleware is not a valid %s and is not passed in the Container', MiddlewareInterface::class),
                $middleware
            );
        }
 
        array_unshift($this->middleware, $this->container->get($middleware));
 
        return $this->handle($request);
    }
}
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
system
/
src
/
Grav
/
Common
/
Grav.php
                },
                'debuggerAssetsProcessor' => function () {
                    return new DebuggerAssetsProcessor($this);
                },
                'renderProcessor' => function () {
                    return new RenderProcessor($this);
                },
            ]
        );
 
        $default = function (ServerRequestInterface $request) {
            return new Response(404);
        };
 
        /** @var Debugger $debugger */
        $debugger = $this['debugger'];
 
        $collection = new RequestHandler($this->middleware, $default, $container);
 
        $response = $collection->handle($this['request']);
 
        $this->header($response);
        echo $response->getBody();
 
        $debugger->render();
 
        register_shutdown_function([$this, 'shutdown']);
    }
 
    /**
     * Set the system locale based on the language and configuration
     */
    public function setLocale()
    {
        // Initialize Locale if set and configured.
        if ($this['language']->enabled() && $this['config']->get('system.languages.override_locale')) {
            $language = $this['language']->getLanguage();
            setlocale(LC_ALL, \strlen($language) < 3 ? ($language . '_' . strtoupper($language)) : $language);
        } elseif ($this['config']->get('system.default_locale')) {
            setlocale(LC_ALL, $this['config']->get('system.default_locale'));
Arguments
  1. ServerRequest {}
    
/
home
/
jhiemstraxartec
/
public_html
/
test
/
index.php
 
// Set timezone to default, falls back to system if php.ini not set
date_default_timezone_set(@date_default_timezone_get());
 
// Set internal encoding if mbstring loaded
if (!\extension_loaded('mbstring')) {
    die("'mbstring' extension is not loaded.  This is required for Grav to run correctly");
}
mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8');
 
// Get the Grav instance
$grav = Grav::instance(
    array(
        'loader' => $loader
    )
);
 
// Process the page
try {
    $grav->process();
} catch (\Error $e) {
    $grav->fireEvent('onFatalException', new Event(array('exception' => $e)));
    throw $e;
} catch (\Exception $e) {
    $grav->fireEvent('onFatalException', new Event(array('exception' => $e)));
    throw $e;
}
 

Environment & details:

empty
empty
empty
empty
Key Value
redirect_after_login
"/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
user
User {}
Key Value
LSPHP_ENABLE_USER_INI
"on"
PATH
"/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
TEMP
"/tmp"
TMP
"/tmp"
TMPDIR
"/tmp"
PWD
"/"
HTTP_ACCEPT
"*/*"
CONTENT_LENGTH
"0"
HTTP_HOST
"3dvalley.com"
HTTP_REFERER
"http://3dvalley.com/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT
"claudebot"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID
"ZflK5a_7_nBTmMuC9jMCogAAARY"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL
"/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI
"http://3dvalley.com/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_USER_ID
"4251328"
REDIRECT_REDIRECT_STATUS
"200"
REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID
"ZflK5a_7_nBTmMuC9jMCogAAARY"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URL
"/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
REDIRECT_SCRIPT_URI
"http://3dvalley.com/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
REDIRECT_USER_ID
"4251328"
REDIRECT_STATUS
"200"
UNIQUE_ID
"ZflK5a_7_nBTmMuC9jMCogAAARY"
SCRIPT_URL
"/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
SCRIPT_URI
"http://3dvalley.com/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
USER_ID
"4251328"
SERVER_SIGNATURE
""
SERVER_SOFTWARE
"Apache"
SERVER_NAME
"3dvalley.com"
SERVER_ADDR
"160.153.32.224"
SERVER_PORT
"80"
REMOTE_ADDR
"54.166.234.171"
DOCUMENT_ROOT
"/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html"
REQUEST_SCHEME
"http"
CONTEXT_PREFIX
""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT
"/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html"
SERVER_ADMIN
"webmaster@3dvalley.com"
SCRIPT_FILENAME
"/home/jhiemstraxartec/public_html/test/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT
"47448"
REDIRECT_URL
"/test/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
SERVER_PROTOCOL
"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD
"GET"
QUERY_STRING
""
REQUEST_URI
"/tutorials/modeling-and-posing-chains-in-3d-studio-max"
SCRIPT_NAME
"/test/index.php"
PHP_SELF
"/test/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT
1710836453.6541
REQUEST_TIME
1710836453
Key Value
LSPHP_ENABLE_USER_INI
"on"
PATH
"/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
TEMP
"/tmp"
TMP
"/tmp"
TMPDIR
"/tmp"
PWD
"/"
0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler
1. Whoops\Handler\CallbackHandler